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Andy Ngo

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Wrath Of Gnon

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(mirror of @wrathofgnon@twitter.com)


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RSS-to-Nostr of Novara Media

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RSS-to-Nostr feed of Novara Media
More RSS-To-Nostr can be found in my following list


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Unknown artist #graffiti #artstr
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GM & PV 🫂


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tags: The upgrade to version 30 brings both improvements and controversy with the increase of the OP_RETURN limit from 80 to 100,000 bytes. The post Bitcoin Core v30 is here: the OP_RETURN issue splits the community appeared first on Atlas21.

content:
**_The upgrade to version 30 brings both improvements and controversy with the increase of the OP\_RETURN limit from 80 to 100,000 bytes._**
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Bitcoin community finds itself divided after the official launch of the **Bitcoin Core v30** update. The release, which introduces changes to node architecture, performance, and security, has sparked mixed reactions among developers, miners, and users.

### **Key updates**

The Bitcoin Core development team has implemented several new features designed to enhance the user experience on the network. One notable addition is **optional encrypted node-to-node connections**, aimed at ensuring greater privacy for users.

The [official announcement](https://bitcoincore.org/en/releases/30.0/) on October 12 also clarified that with the release of this new major version, **all versions prior to 27.x have reached End of Life** and will no longer receive security or maintenance updates.

One of the main changes is the **reduction of default transaction fees**. Nodes can relay transactions with fees as low as **0.1 sat/vB**, while miners will be able to include them in the next block with a minimum fee of **0.001 sat/vB**.

The most hotly debated change concerns the **expansion of the OP\_RETURN limit**, which has increased from around 80 bytes to **100,000 bytes**. This adjustment allows for much larger amounts of **non-financial data** to be stored within Bitcoin transactions.

Although the update also includes bug fixes and performance improvements, it is the OP\_RETURN limit increase that has captured most of the attention and divided the community.

### **Reactions**

**Alex Bergeron**, Ecosystem Lead at Ark Labs, [expressed](https://x.com/bergealex4/status/1976472388104749178) excitement about Bitcoin Core v30 on X, stating his intention to _“use all of the additional OP\_Return space and will use it to make Bitcoin more like Ethereum, except better.”_

**Pavol Rusnak**, co-founder of Satoshi Labs, [said](https://x.com/PavolRusnak/status/1977366567840084219) he chose Bitcoin Core v30 for its _“great development team, peer reviewed code, sane engineering decisions_.”

Critics of the update argue that this change violates Bitcoin’s core principles as a peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Concerns include the potential growth of the blockchain’s size, higher operational costs for nodes, and legal risks.

Last week, **Nick Szabo**, a well-known cypherpunk, recommended on X:

> As a (hopefully) temporary measure, run Knots. I strongly recommend not upgrading to Core v30.[https://t.co/d9HFi7T59H](https://t.co/d9HFi7T59H)
>
> — Nick Szabo (@NickSzabo4) [October 8, 2025](https://twitter.com/NickSzabo4/status/1975805206031179831?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw)

Earlier in October, Szabo [had already raised concerns](https://atlas21.com/bitcoin-core-v30-incoming-nick-szabo-breaks-silence-after-five-years/) about the legal implications of increasing the OP\_RETURN limit. According to him, node operators risk hosting “_illegal data_” for which they could be held criminally liable.

In recent months, in response to Bitcoin Core’s decisions, a significant number of node operators have adopted the alternative implementation **Bitcoin Knots**, which allows for strict data size limits to be applied. [Data](https://bitcoin.clarkmoody.com/dashboard/) from **Clark Moody Bitcoin** shows that there are currently **nearly 5,000** active Knots nodes, representing about **20%** of all nodes.

The post [Bitcoin Core v30 is here: the OP\_RETURN issue splits the community](https://atlas21.com/bitcoin-core-v30-is-here-the-op_return-issue-splits-the-community/) appeared first on [Atlas21](https://atlas21.com).


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tags: A short note: Chat Gpt will replace all the yes men in corporate...

content: Chat Gpt will replace all the yes men in corporate ladders.


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🏝 New booking made for 5 nights
⚪ Common booking (4% discount)
💰 ₿ooking value: 267k sats ($300)

₿itcoin accepted 🧡
Save up to 60% on your next trip
https://unstoppablehoteldeals.com/book-with-bitcoin


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もうえびっこさん買っててワロタw


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Hey, Jesse Myers nostr:nprofile1qqsxes9tu8kxxhy0a5ccc88ctqs84k4h2x4n80hn0r9qwgm87x34n4qpp4mhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mqpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduwl43tv  with Robin Seyr nostr:nprofile1qqsd3a7gc2rnj3vwsvq8rverr59mqj3hf7lys8kqv3t2n99pes34ydcpzemhxue69uhksefwwfjkcctev93xcefwdaexwqgkwaehxw309a5kucn00qhxummnw3ezuamfdejsqqt0vf ! Cool! Am listening while working. Hope you enjoy this conversation too.
https://youtu.be/yQ2w0HxrZ-8

Takeaways

Jesse Myers emphasizes the importance of creating content that resonates personally.
Bitcoin is seen as the most important asset in the world.
The chart created by Jesse Myers provides a unique perspective on Bitcoin's market potential.
Bitcoin's role as a store of value is unmatched compared to other assets.
The growth of Bitcoin treasury companies is a significant trend in finance.
Gold is experiencing a resurgence as a safe haven asset.
Inflation impacts the valuation of Bitcoin and traditional assets differently.
Bitcoin's expanding use cases could redefine its market position.
The dynamics of the bond market are shifting, making them less attractive.
Savvy individual investors play a crucial role in the success of Bitcoin treasury companies.

Chapters

00:00 Introduction and Chart Overview
02:46 Jesse Myers' Background and Chart Genesis
06:11 The Impact of Bitcoin on Global Asset Landscape
08:46 The Importance of Market Sizing for Bitcoin
11:57 The Role of Bitcoin as a Store of Value
15:11 Bitcoin's Potential Market Expansion
17:58 The Future of Bitcoin and Gold
21:07 Current Trends in Gold and Bitcoin
24:07 Volatility and Risk in Bitcoin
26:57 Conclusion and Future Outlook
38:49 Understanding Risk and Volatility in Bitcoin
39:32 Monetary Supply and Inflation Insights
41:36 Bitcoin Valuation in a Hyperinflated World
42:33 Bitcoin's Future Market Share Predictions
44:41 Analyzing Asset Growth and Relative Performance
46:10 The Role of Gold in Modern Portfolios
48:22 The Rise of Bitcoin Treasury Companies
51:08 Bitcoin's Competitive Edge in Financial Markets
53:50 The Future of Bonds and Bitcoin
57:02 The Evolution of Bitcoin Treasury Companies
01:00:44 The Impact of Retail Investors on Bitcoin Treasury Companies
01:04:14 Challenges Facing Bitcoin Treasury Companies
01:10:21 The Future of Bitcoin in Global Finance


tags:
WISE (wisetag)

Not sell to users without reputation!


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probe


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tags: Bitcoin Magazine Trump White House Could Soon Pardon Former Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao: FOX People close to Changpeng Zhao, the former CEO of Binance better known as ‘CZ,’ say discussions are intensifying inside the Trump White House over whether to issue a presidential pardon for the embattled crypto executive, according to reporting from Charles Gasparino, a Senior Correspondent at FOX Business. Zhao, once among the most influential figures in the digital asset world, served time following a plea deal with the U.S. Department of Justice in 2023 that included a money-laundering conviction and $4.3 billion in fines for Binance. But according to several sources familiar with the matter, many within Trump’s inner circle now view the case as politically motivated — a hallmark of what they describe as the Biden administration’s broader crackdown on crypto. Zhao remains Binance’s largest individual shareholder, and a pardon could clear the way for his formal return to the exchange, which he founded in 2017 and grew into the world’s largest Bitcoin and crypto trading platform. Speculation of a Trump pardon has been looming for most of this year, but the decision is reportedly coming soon. CZ background Zhao’s 2023 conviction marked one of the most high-profile cases in the government’s campaign against major exchanges. U.S. prosecutors accused Binance of allowing illicit transactions with sanctioned entities and failing to implement proper anti-money-laundering controls. CZ pleaded guilty, stepped down as CEO, and paid a personal fine of $50 million. Zhao served a four-month prison sentence. He was sentenced in April 2024 and released in September 2024, after spending time in a low-security federal prison in California and then a halfway house. Despite this, even critics of Binance have questioned whether the criminal charges were proportionate. Trump’s team reportedly sees Zhao’s situation as an opportunity to demonstrate a “new era” of crypto policy — one that favors innovation over punishment. A decision could come before year’s end, but Trump’s attention is divided between foreign policy flashpoints — including conflicts in Gaza, Ukraine, and renewed trade tensions with China — and that clemency discussions often take longer than expected, according to Gasparino. For now, the crypto world is watching closely. A Trump pardon for CZ would mark not only a personal vindication for Zhao, but also be somewhat of a political statement: Trump signaling that the world’s most powerful government is truly open for Bitcoin business. This post Trump White House Could Soon Pardon Former Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao: FOX first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Micah Zimmerman.

content:
[Bitcoin Magazine](https://bitcoinmagazine.com)
![](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Trump-White-House-Could-Soon-Pardon-Former-Binance-CEO-Changpeng-Zhao-FOX.jpg)
[Trump White House Could Soon Pardon Former Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao: FOX](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/trump-white-house-could-soon-pardon-former-binance-ceo-changpeng-zhao-fox)

People close to Changpeng Zhao, the former CEO of Binance better known as ‘CZ,’ say discussions are intensifying inside the Trump White House over whether to issue a presidential pardon for the embattled crypto executive, according to [reporting](https://x.com/CGasparino/status/1976739639684653313) from Charles Gasparino, a Senior Correspondent at FOX Business.

Zhao, once among the most influential figures in the digital asset world, served time following a [plea deal](https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/binance-and-ceo-plead-guilty-federal-charges-4b-resolution) with the U.S. Department of Justice in 2023 that included a money-laundering conviction and $4.3 billion in fines for Binance.

But according to several sources familiar with the matter, many within Trump’s inner circle now view the case as politically motivated — a hallmark of what they describe as the [Biden administration’s broader crackdown on crypto](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/president-bidens-executive-order-on-bitcoin).

Zhao remains Binance’s largest individual shareholder, and a pardon could [clear the way](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/legal/binance-ceo-changpeng-zhao-pleads-guilty-steps-down) for his formal return to the exchange, which he founded in 2017 and grew into the world’s largest Bitcoin and crypto trading platform.

Speculation of a Trump pardon [has been looming](https://crypto.news/trump-family-in-talks-for-binance-stake-amid-push-for-cz-pardon-wsj/) for most of this year, but the decision is reportedly coming soon.

CZ background
-------------

Zhao’s 2023 conviction marked one of the most high-profile cases in the government’s campaign against major exchanges.

U.S. prosecutors accused Binance of allowing illicit transactions with sanctioned entities and failing to implement proper anti-money-laundering controls. CZ [pleaded](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/legal/binance-ceo-changpeng-zhao-pleads-guilty-steps-down) guilty, stepped down as CEO, and paid a personal fine of $50 million.

Zhao served a four-month prison sentence. He was sentenced in April 2024 and released in September 2024, after spending time in a low-security federal prison in California and then a halfway house.

Despite this, even critics of Binance have questioned whether the criminal charges were proportionate. Trump’s team reportedly sees Zhao’s situation as an opportunity to demonstrate a “new era” of crypto policy — one that favors innovation over punishment.

A decision could come before year’s end, but Trump’s attention is divided between foreign policy flashpoints — including conflicts in Gaza, Ukraine, and [renewed trade tensions](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/markets/bitcoin-price-sinks-to-118000) with China — and that clemency discussions often take longer than expected, according to Gasparino.

For now, the crypto world is watching closely. A Trump pardon for CZ would mark not only a personal vindication for Zhao, but also be somewhat of a political statement: Trump signaling that the world’s most powerful government is truly open for Bitcoin business.

This post [Trump White House Could Soon Pardon Former Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao: FOX](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/trump-white-house-could-soon-pardon-former-binance-ceo-changpeng-zhao-fox) first appeared on [Bitcoin Magazine](https://bitcoinmagazine.com) and is written by [Micah Zimmerman](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/authors/micahzimmerman).


GM & PV 🫂


aG0OiZoo2T0pk98Eo3jtxw==?iv=R7opL/MvGcLwTxPM9pEXVw==


> ![Nostr: A Revolutionary Communication Protocol](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/04/nostr.webp)
>
> [@matt\_odell](https://twitter.com/MATT_ODELL?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref=discreetlog.com) don't you even dare not ask about nostr!
>
> — Kukks (Andrew Camilleri) (@MrKukks) [May 18, 2021](https://twitter.com/MrKukks/status/1394638825675177986?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref=discreetlog.com)

Nostr first hit my radar spring 2021: created by fellow bitcoiner and friend, [fiatjaf](https://twitter.com/fiatjaf?ref=discreetlog.com), and [released](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nostr?ref=discreetlog.com) to the world as free open source software. I was fortunate to be able to host a [conversation with him on Citadel Dispatch](https://www.podpage.com/citadeldispatch/cd63-building-nostr-a-censorship-resistant-alternative-to-twitter-with-fiatjaf-jb55-and-mrkukks/?ref=discreetlog.com) in those early days, capturing that moment in history forever. Since then, the protocol has seen explosive viral organic growth as individuals around the world have contributed their time and energy to build out the protocol and the surrounding ecosystem due to the clear need for better communication tools.

_**nostr is to twitter as bitcoin is to paypal**_

As an intro to nostr, let us start with a metaphor:

_**twitter is paypal** - a centralized platform plagued by censorship but has the benefit of established network effects_

_**nostr is bitcoin** - an open protocol that is censorship resistant and robust but requires an organic adoption phase_

**Nostr is an open communication protocol that can be used to send messages across a distributed set of relays in a censorship resistant and robust way.
** - Anyone can run a relay.
 - Anyone can interact with the protocol.
 - Relays can choose which messages they want to relay.
 - Users are identified by a simple public private key pair that they can generate themselves.

Nostr is often compared to twitter since there are nostr clients that emulate twitter functionality and user interface but that is merely one application of the protocol. **Nostr is so much more than a mere twitter competitor.** Nostr clients and relays can transmit a wide variety of data and clients can choose how to display that information to users. The result is a revolution in communication with implications that are difficult for any of us to truly comprehend.

Similar to bitcoin, nostr is an open and permissionless protocol. **No person, company, or government controls it.** Anyone can iterate and build on top of nostr without permission. Together, bitcoin and nostr are incredibly complementary freedom tech tools: censorship resistant, permissionless, robust, and interoperable - money and speech protected by code and incentives, not laws.

As censorship throughout the world continues to escalate, freedom tech provides hope for individuals around the world who refuse to accept the status quo. This movement will succeed on the shoulders of those who choose to stand up and contribute. We will build our own path. A brighter path.

* * *

**My Nostr Public Key:** [npub1qny3tkh0acurzla8x3zy4nhrjz5zd8l9sy9jys09umwng00manysew95gx](https://primal.net/odell?ref=discreetlog.com)

* * *

_**If you found this post helpful support my work with [bitcoin](https://geyser.fund/project/citadel?ref=discreetlog.com).**_

![Nostr: A Revolutionary Communication Protocol](https://werunbtc.com/donate.png)


tags: There are going to be many more bank failures as this ponzi system unravels. Unlike 2008, we have the ability to opt out of these broken and corrupt institutions by using bitcoin.

content:
![More Banks Will Fail](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/05/bankfailures.jpg)

People forget Bear Stearns failed March 2008 - months of denial followed before the public realized how bad the situation was under the surface.

Similar happening now but much larger scale. They did not fix fundamental issues after 2008 - everything is more fragile.

The Fed preemptively bailed out every bank with their BTFP program and First Republic Bank still failed. The second largest bank failure in history.

There will be more failures. There will be more bailouts. Depositors will be "protected" by socializing losses across everyone.

Our President and mainstream financial pundits are currently pretending the banking crisis is over while most banks remain insolvent. There are going to be many more bank failures as this ponzi system unravels.

**Unlike 2008, we have the ability to opt out of these broken and corrupt institutions by using bitcoin.** Bitcoin [held in self custody](https://werunbtc.com/coldcard?ref=discreetlog.com) is unique in its lack of counterparty risk - you do not have to trust a bank or other centralized entity to hold it for you. Bitcoin is also incredibly difficult to change by design since it is not controlled by an individual, company, or government - the supply of dollars will inevitably be inflated to bailout these failing banks but bitcoin supply will remain unchanged. **I do not need to convince you that bitcoin provides value - these next few years will convince millions.**

* * *

_**If you found this post helpful support my work with [bitcoin](https://geyser.fund/project/citadel?ref=discreetlog.com).**_

![More Banks Will Fail](https://werunbtc.com/donate.png)


tags: Bitcoin transaction fees limit network abuse by making usage expensive. There is a cost to every transaction, set by a dynamic free market based on demand.

content:
![High Fees? Bitcoin is Working As Designed](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/05/mempoolspace.png)

There must be a limit to how much data is transferred across the bitcoin network in order to keep the ability to run and use your own node accessible. **A node is required to interact with the global bitcoin network - if you do not use your own node then you must trust someone else's node.** If nodes become inaccessible to run then the network will centralize around the remaining entities that operate them - threatening the censorship resistance at the core of bitcoin's value prop. **The bitcoin protocol uses three main mechanisms to keep node operation costs low - a fixed limit on the amount of data in each block, an automatic difficulty adjustment that regulates how many blocks are produced based on current mining hash rate, and a robust dynamic transaction fee market.**

Bitcoin transaction fees limit network abuse by making usage expensive. There is a cost to every transaction, set by a [dynamic free market](https://www.discreetlog.com/utxos/) based on demand for scarce block space. It is an incredibly robust way to prevent spam without relying on centralized entities that can be corrupted or pressured.

After the 2017 bitcoin fee spike we had six years of relative quiet to build tools that would be robust in a sustained high fee market. Fortunately our tools are significantly better now but many still need improvement. Most of the pain points we see today will be mitigated.

**The reality is we were never going to be fully prepared - pressure is needed to show the pain points and provide strong incentives to mitigate them.**

**It will be incredibly interesting to watch how projects adapt under pressure. Optimistic we see great innovation here.**

* * *

_If you are willing to wait for your transaction to confirm you can pay significantly lower fees. Learn best practices for reducing your fee burden [**here**](https://www.discreetlog.com/utxos/).

My guide for running and using your own bitcoin node can be found **[here](https://werunbtc.com/bitcoincore?ref=discreetlog.com)**._

* * *

_**If you found this post helpful support my work with [bitcoin](https://geyser.fund/project/citadel?ref=discreetlog.com).**_

![High Fees? Bitcoin is Working As Designed](https://werunbtc.com/donate.png)


nDtF19Trrc3/r4y4x8Zx6VfcH9Pb7PTszbNvVPfySYVMT/J8q9xEaMsb0b3vviB0?iv=FcjiE+/ExmxFEpGdYJS8ZA==


rDXq/m+EUEssBzcj1WpZ87TGjrVF3uRnI6mpRnCRM8HD8bf0sEe26f67sPkwJC9B?iv=Cx5N5erCx7olj2xDX+/N8Q==


tags: Bitcoin Magazine Bitcoin Price Crashes to $108,000 As Trump To Impose 100% Tariffs on China Bitcoin price dropped to the $108,000 range today as escalating U.S.-China trade tensions and tariff talks sent shockwaves through global markets. President Donald Trump posted on Truth Social today that China has announced “aggressive” and “unprecedented” export controls on nearly all products, affecting all countries starting November 1, 2025. In response, Trump said the U.S. will impose a 100% tariff on Chinese goods and enforce export controls on critical software from the same date. Bitcoin price dumped as a result of the news, dumping from roughly $117,000 in early afternoon to below $108,000. At the time of writing, the bitcoin price is back to the $113,000 range with high volatility. At times, the bitcoin price was down roughly 10% with many other cryptocurrencies down 20-40% JUST IN: #BITCOIN FALLS BELOW $109,000 AS US ANNOUNCES 100% TARIFFS ON CHINA HODL pic.twitter.com/JddDFm801z — Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) October 10, 2025 Markets react to U.S-China trade relations Global markets sold off earlier today following President Trump’s announcement of plans to dramatically increase tariffs on Chinese goods. The move came in response to Beijing’s new restrictions on rare-earth exports, which the U.S. president accused China of using to “monopolize” critical resources. China’s tightened export controls now extend to foreign-made products that contain or were processed using Chinese rare-earths, signaling a major escalation in the trade dispute. The policy expansion — targeting defense, semiconductor, and AI sectors — sparked concerns of a global supply chain shock. Risk assets broadly tumbled today, with the S&P 500 falling 2% and the Nasdaq down 2.7%. Trump also canceled a planned meeting with Xi Jinping at APEC, vowing to “financially counter” China’s move. Trump earlier described Beijing’s actions as “sinister and hostile,” claiming the U.S. holds even greater leverage but has refrained from using it — until now. Crypto-related stocks, like Circle (CRCL), Robinhood (HOOD), Coinbase (COIN), and MicroStrategy (MSTR), declined 3%-12% throughout the day. Bitcoin price reaction Bitcoin started October on a tear, hitting fresh all-time highs above $126,000 during the first week of the month before easing back into the $121,000 range in recent days. Market analysts say the rally reflects what many describe as the “euphoria phase” of the ongoing bull cycle — a stage historically marked by rapid price acceleration and growing retail enthusiasm. If past cycles are any guide, the current momentum could propel Bitcoin toward the $180,000–$200,000 range before sentiment cools. The leading cryptocurrency has climbed more than 30% since the start of the year, fueled by steady inflows into U.S.-listed Bitcoin ETFs and a resurgence of investor confidence across the digital asset market. This post Bitcoin Price Crashes to $108,000 As Trump To Impose 100% Tariffs on China first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Micah Zimmerman.

content:
[Bitcoin Magazine](https://bitcoinmagazine.com)
![](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Bitcoin-Price-Crashes-to-108000-As-Trump-To-Impose-100-Tariffs-on-China.jpg)
[Bitcoin Price Crashes to $108,000 As Trump To Impose 100% Tariffs on China](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/bitcoin-price-crashes-to-108000-as-trump-to-impose-100-tariffs-on-china)

Bitcoin price dropped to the $108,000 range today as escalating U.S.-China trade tensions and tariff talks sent shockwaves through global markets.

President Donald Trump [posted](https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/115351840469973590) on Truth Social today that China has announced “aggressive” and “unprecedented” export controls on nearly all products, affecting all countries starting November 1, 2025. In response, Trump said the U.S. will impose a 100% tariff on Chinese goods and enforce export controls on critical software from the same date.

Bitcoin price dumped as a result of the news, dumping from roughly $117,000 in early afternoon to below $108,000. At the time of writing, the bitcoin price is back to the $113,000 range with high volatility.

At times, the bitcoin price was down roughly 10% with many other cryptocurrencies down 20-40%

> JUST IN: [#BITCOIN](https://twitter.com/hashtag/BITCOIN?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw) FALLS BELOW $109,000 AS US ANNOUNCES 100% TARIFFS ON CHINA ![🇨🇳](https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/16.0.1/72x72/1f1e8-1f1f3.png)
>
> HODL ![✊](https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/16.0.1/72x72/270a.png) [pic.twitter.com/JddDFm801z](https://t.co/JddDFm801z)
>
> — Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) [October 10, 2025](https://twitter.com/BitcoinMagazine/status/1976759481863205329?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw)

Markets react to U.S-China trade relations
------------------------------------------

Global markets sold off earlier today following President Trump’s [announcement](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/markets/bitcoin-price-sinks-to-118000) of plans to dramatically increase tariffs on Chinese goods. The move [came in response](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/oct/10/trump-china-tariffs) to Beijing’s new restrictions on rare-earth exports, which the U.S. president accused China of using to “monopolize” critical resources.

China’s tightened export controls now extend to foreign-made products that contain or were processed using Chinese rare-earths, signaling a major escalation in the trade dispute.

The policy expansion — targeting defense, semiconductor, and AI sectors — sparked concerns of a global supply chain shock.

Risk assets broadly tumbled today, with the S&P 500 falling 2% and the Nasdaq down 2.7%. Trump also canceled a planned meeting with Xi Jinping at APEC, vowing to “financially counter” China’s move.

Trump earlier described Beijing’s actions as “sinister and hostile,” claiming the U.S. holds even greater leverage but has refrained from using it — until now.

Crypto-related stocks, like Circle (CRCL), Robinhood (HOOD), Coinbase (COIN), and MicroStrategy (MSTR), declined 3%-12% throughout the day.

Bitcoin price reaction
----------------------

Bitcoin started October on a tear, hitting fresh all-time highs above $126,000 during the first week of the month before easing back into the $121,000 range in recent days.

Market analysts [say the rally reflects](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/markets/bitcoin-price-prediction-bombshell) what many describe as the “euphoria phase” of the ongoing bull cycle — a stage historically marked by rapid price acceleration and growing retail enthusiasm.

If past cycles are any guide, the current momentum could propel Bitcoin toward the $180,000–$200,000 range before sentiment cools.

The leading cryptocurrency has climbed more than 30% since the start of the year, fueled by [steady inflows](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/bitcoin-hits-new-all-time-high-as-ibit-breaks-etf-records) into U.S.-listed Bitcoin ETFs and a resurgence of investor confidence across the digital asset market.

This post [Bitcoin Price Crashes to $108,000 As Trump To Impose 100% Tariffs on China](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/bitcoin-price-crashes-to-108000-as-trump-to-impose-100-tariffs-on-china) first appeared on [Bitcoin Magazine](https://bitcoinmagazine.com) and is written by [Micah Zimmerman](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/authors/micahzimmerman).


tags: How Ideologically-Driven Environmental NGOs Have Hindered the Phase-Out of Gas Peaker Plants

tags: Gas peaker plants, which fire up during periods of high electricity demand, are a critical yet environmentally damaging component of many energy grids. These plants emit significant amounts of CO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter, disproportionately impacting low-income communities near their locations. While there is broad consensus on the need to phase them out, progress has stalled. Surprisingly, a key barrier comes from an unexpected source: ideologically driven environmental NGOs. Despite advocating for cleaner energy, these groups have often opposed pragmatic solutions to reduce peaker plant reliance. By dismissing collaborations with utilities and energy companies as “greenwashing” outright, and refusing to engage with transitional technologies, they inadvertently prolong the lifespan of these polluting facilities. The Problem with “All or Nothing” Activism Many environmental NGOs operate under a rigid ideological framework that rejects any solution involving fossil fuel infrastructure, even if it demonstrably reduces emissions in the short term. This stance has led to the dismissal of viable bridge technologies, such as: Retrofitting Peaker Plants with Carbon Capture or Efficiency Upgrades In 2021, Duke Energy proposed retrofitting gas peaker plants in North Carolina with carbon capture systems and hybrid natural gas-battery systems to cut emissions by 50%. However, the Sierra Club and Sunrise Movement labeled the plan a “false climate solution,” arguing it legitimized fossil fuels. The project was shelved, leaving older, higher-emitting peakers in operation (source: Duke Energy Sustainability Report, 2022). Renewable-Natural Gas Hybrid Projects In California, where peaker plants contribute to poor air quality, startups like Mote Hydrogen sought to convert peakers to run on hydrogen-blended natural gas. While this would reduce NOx emissions by 30%, NGOs like 350.org criticized the effort as a “distraction from true renewables,” despite the lack of large-scale battery storage to replace peakers entirely (source: California Air Resources Board, 2023). These examples highlight a pattern: NGOs frequently attack projects that could meaningfully reduce emissions while offering no scalable alternatives. The result? Utilities default to maintaining outdated peaker plants rather than risk reputational damage from NGO backlash. Criticism Without Grid-Scale Alternatives The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that even in net-zero scenarios, natural gas will supply 15% of global electricity by 2040 due to grid stability needs (source: IEA World Energy Outlook, 2022). Transitioning away from peaker plants requires bridging solutions, yet NGOs often reject these outright. For instance, when NextEra Energy proposed replacing Florida peaker plants with solar farms paired with gas turbines (to ensure reliability during cloudy periods), the Center for Biological Diversity accused the utility of “greenwashing fossil fuel dependence.” No alternative plan was put forward, leaving aging peakers operational (source: Tampa Bay Times, 2021). Similarly, in New York, the closure of the Astoria peaker plant was delayed after local NGOs opposed a replacement facility using lower-emission turbines, demanding immediate 100% renewables—a goal the grid couldn’t yet support (source: NYISO Reliability Report, 2022). This absolutism ignores grid realities. Battery storage remains costly and limited in duration, leaving peaker plants as a necessary backstop. By blocking incremental improvements, NGOs ensure dirtier status-quo operations persist. Bitcoin Mining: A Pragmatic Alternative to Gas Peaker Plants in Texas While gas peaker plants have long been the default solution for grid stability during peak demand, Bitcoin mining has emerged as a scalable, cost-effective, and environmentally superior alternative—particularly in Texas. By acting as a flexible demand-side resource, Bitcoin mining has already demonstrated its ability to reduce reliance on peaker plants, even as ideologically driven NGOs and fossil fuel interests continue to oppose it. How Bitcoin Mining Replaces Gas Peaker Plants Gas peaker plants are designed to activate only during periods of extreme electricity demand, typically running fewer than 1,500 hours annually. However, their high costs, methane emissions, and environmental harms make them a poor long-term solution. Bitcoin mining, by contrast, provides grid operators with a unique tool: the ability to rapidly curtail energy consumption during peak demand, stabilizing the grid without the need for additional fossil fuel infrastructure. In Texas, this approach was pioneered by ERCOT CEO Brad Jones following the catastrophic 2021 Winter Storm Uri, which exposed the fragility of relying solely on peaker plants. Jones recognized that Bitcoin miners—unlike traditional industrial loads—could shut down operations within seconds, freeing up gigawatts of power for critical needs during emergencies. This flexibility allowed ERCOT to: Avoid building 3 GW of new gas peaker plants proposed by Berkshire Hathaway Energy, saving Texans an estimated $18 billion in infrastructure costs. Integrate more renewables by providing a “buyer of last resort” for excess solar and wind energy, which incentivizes renewable development. Reduce emissions by displacing peaker plants, which emit 0.4–0.6 tons of CO2 per MWh and leak methane even while idling. Peer-reviewed studies validate this strategy. Bruno et al. (2023) found that Bitcoin mining with demand response eliminated the need for gas peaker plants entirely while reducing annual carbon emissions by 48.67 million metric tons compared to baseline scenarios (Table 1). Rhodes et al. (2024) further concluded that Bitcoin mining’s flexibility enables grids to prioritize renewable energy over fossil fuels, accelerating decarbonization. Texas: A Proof of Concept By 2024, Bitcoin mining operations in Texas had grown to 3 GW of flexible load capacity, participating actively in ERCOT’s demand response programs. This resource proved critical during extreme weather events, such as the July 2023 heatwave, when miners voluntarily powered down to free up 1.2 GW of electricity—equivalent to the output of three large peaker plants. ERCOT has since reported zero blackouts despite record demand, crediting Bitcoin mining as a key factor in grid resilience. Dr Rian Dewhurst, of the Digital Assets Research Institute explains “Bitcoin mining doesn’t just stabilize the grid—it helps build a cleaner one. Grid operators no longer need expensive, polluting peaker plants idling on standby.” Opposition from Fossil Fuel Interests Despite its proven benefits, Bitcoin mining faces fierce opposition from entities invested in gas peaker plants. Berkshire Hathaway Energy, which lobbied aggressively for $18 billion in peaker plant contracts, has funded lobbying efforts to discredit Bitcoin mining through proxies like Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick. Patrick has repeatedly claimed Bitcoin “destabilizes grids,” a narrative debunked by ERCOT and academic research. This backlash underscores Bitcoin mining’s disruptive potential. As Dewhurst noted, “When you have 3 GW of flexible load, the business case for peaker plants evaporates.” Texas’ experience demonstrates that Bitcoin mining is not merely a theoretical alternative to gas peaker plants—it is a proven, scalable solution. By prioritizing grid needs over ideology, ERCOT has shown how collaboration with Bitcoin miners can phase out peaker plants while saving costs, cutting emissions, and accelerating the renewable transition. Toward Pragmatism: A Call for NGO Accountability The climate crisis demands urgency, but dogmatism and poor research stifles progress. To phase out peaker plants, NGOs must: Evaluate Collaborations Objectively Assess whether partnerships with utilities or energy firms yield measurable emissions reductions rather than reflexively crying “greenwash.” Engage with Grid Realities Acknowledge the role of transitional technologies until renewables and storage scale sufficiently. Prioritize Outcomes Over Ideology Recognize that the perfect is the enemy of the good — hybrid systems are better than perpetuating outdated peakers, and Bitcoin mining based solutions are better again, because they can accelerate the phasing out of gas peaker plants without any gas-powered backed to compensate for variable renewable energy intermittency. The perfect cannot be the enemy of the good. By clinging to purity tests, NGOs risk becoming unwitting allies of the very fossil fuel systems they seek to dismantle. It’s time to embrace pragmatism—before another decade of peaker plants locks in avoidable emissions.

content:
Gas peaker plants, which fire up during periods of high electricity demand, are a critical yet environmentally damaging component of many energy grids. These plants emit significant amounts of CO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter, disproportionately impacting low-income communities near their locations. While there is broad consensus on the need to phase them out, progress has stalled. Surprisingly, a key barrier comes from an unexpected source: ideologically driven environmental NGOs.

![](https://batcoinz.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Screen-Shot-2025-01-29-at-9.43.50-AM-1024x742.png)

Despite advocating for cleaner energy, these groups have often opposed pragmatic solutions to reduce peaker plant reliance. By dismissing collaborations with utilities and energy companies as “greenwashing” outright, and refusing to engage with transitional technologies, they inadvertently prolong the lifespan of these polluting facilities.

### **The Problem with “All or Nothing” Activism**

Many environmental NGOs operate under a rigid ideological framework that rejects any solution involving fossil fuel infrastructure, even if it demonstrably reduces emissions in the short term. This stance has led to the dismissal of viable bridge technologies, such as:

1.  **Retrofitting Peaker Plants with Carbon Capture or Efficiency Upgrades**
    In 2021, Duke Energy proposed retrofitting gas peaker plants in North Carolina with carbon capture systems and hybrid natural gas-battery systems to cut emissions by 50%. However, the Sierra Club and Sunrise Movement labeled the plan a “false climate solution,” arguing it legitimized fossil fuels. The project was shelved, leaving older, higher-emitting peakers in operation (source: _Duke Energy Sustainability Report, 2022_).
2.  **Renewable-Natural Gas Hybrid Projects**
    In California, where peaker plants contribute to poor air quality, startups like Mote Hydrogen sought to convert peakers to run on hydrogen-blended natural gas. While this would reduce NOx emissions by 30%, NGOs like 350.org criticized the effort as a “distraction from true renewables,” despite the lack of large-scale battery storage to replace peakers entirely (source: _California Air Resources Board, 2023_).

These examples highlight a pattern: NGOs frequently attack projects that could meaningfully reduce emissions while offering no scalable alternatives. The result? Utilities default to maintaining outdated peaker plants rather than risk reputational damage from NGO backlash.

* * *

### **Criticism Without Grid-Scale Alternatives**

The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that even in net-zero scenarios, natural gas will supply 15% of global electricity by 2040 due to grid stability needs (source: _IEA World Energy Outlook, 2022_). Transitioning away from peaker plants requires bridging solutions, yet NGOs often reject these outright.

For instance, when NextEra Energy proposed replacing Florida peaker plants with solar farms paired with gas turbines (to ensure reliability during cloudy periods), the Center for Biological Diversity accused the utility of “greenwashing fossil fuel dependence.” No alternative plan was put forward, leaving aging peakers operational (source: _Tampa Bay Times, 2021_). Similarly, in New York, the closure of the Astoria peaker plant was delayed after local NGOs opposed a replacement facility using lower-emission turbines, demanding immediate 100% renewables—a goal the grid couldn’t yet support (source: _NYISO Reliability Report, 2022_).

This absolutism ignores grid realities. Battery storage remains costly and limited in duration, leaving peaker plants as a necessary backstop. By blocking incremental improvements, NGOs ensure dirtier status-quo operations persist.

### **Bitcoin Mining: A Pragmatic Alternative to Gas Peaker Plants in Texas**

While gas peaker plants have long been the default solution for grid stability during peak demand, Bitcoin mining has emerged as a scalable, cost-effective, and environmentally superior alternative—particularly in Texas. By acting as a flexible demand-side resource, Bitcoin mining has already demonstrated its ability to reduce reliance on peaker plants, even as ideologically driven NGOs and fossil fuel interests continue to oppose it.

![](https://batcoinz.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Screen-Shot-2025-01-29-at-9.44.29-AM-1024x612.png)

#### **How Bitcoin Mining Replaces Gas Peaker Plants**

Gas peaker plants are designed to activate only during periods of extreme electricity demand, typically running fewer than 1,500 hours annually. However, their high costs, methane emissions, and environmental harms make them a poor long-term solution. Bitcoin mining, by contrast, provides grid operators with a unique tool: the ability to rapidly curtail energy consumption during peak demand, stabilizing the grid without the need for additional fossil fuel infrastructure.

In Texas, this approach was pioneered by ERCOT CEO Brad Jones following the catastrophic 2021 Winter Storm Uri, which exposed the fragility of relying solely on peaker plants. Jones recognized that Bitcoin miners—unlike traditional industrial loads—could shut down operations within seconds, freeing up gigawatts of power for critical needs during emergencies. This flexibility allowed ERCOT to:

*   **Avoid building 3 GW of new gas peaker plants** proposed by Berkshire Hathaway Energy, saving Texans an estimated [$18 billion in infrastructure costs](https://www.da-ri.org/articles/how-bitcoin-mining-saved-texans-18-billion).
*   **Integrate more renewables** by providing a “buyer of last resort” for excess solar and wind energy, which incentivizes renewable development.
*   **Reduce emissions** by displacing peaker plants, which emit 0.4–0.6 tons of CO2 per MWh and leak methane even while idling.

Peer-reviewed studies validate this strategy. [Bruno et al](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928765523000313?via%3Dihub). (2023) found that Bitcoin mining with demand response eliminated the need for gas peaker plants entirely while reducing annual carbon emissions by 48.67 million metric tons compared to baseline scenarios (Table 1). [Rhodes et al](https://lancium.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Lancium_Flexible_Data_Center_Whitepaper_4.2022.pdf). (2024) further concluded that Bitcoin mining’s flexibility enables grids to prioritize renewable energy over fossil fuels, accelerating decarbonization.

#### **Texas: A Proof of Concept**

By 2024, Bitcoin mining operations in Texas had grown to 3 GW of flexible load capacity, participating actively in ERCOT’s demand response programs. This resource proved critical during extreme weather events, such as the July 2023 heatwave, when miners voluntarily powered down to free up 1.2 GW of electricity—equivalent to the output of three large peaker plants. ERCOT has since reported zero blackouts despite record demand, crediting Bitcoin mining as a key factor in grid resilience.

Dr Rian Dewhurst, of the [Digital Assets Research Institute](https://www.da-ri.org/) explains “Bitcoin mining doesn’t just stabilize the grid—it helps build a cleaner one. Grid operators no longer need expensive, polluting peaker plants idling on standby.”

#### **Opposition from Fossil Fuel Interests**

Despite its proven benefits, Bitcoin mining faces fierce opposition from entities invested in gas peaker plants. Berkshire Hathaway Energy, which lobbied aggressively for $18 billion in peaker plant contracts, has [funded lobbying efforts to discredit Bitcoin mining](https://www.da-ri.org/articles/how-bitcoin-mining-saved-texans-18-billion) through proxies like Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick. Patrick has repeatedly claimed Bitcoin “destabilizes grids,” a narrative debunked by ERCOT and academic research.

This backlash underscores Bitcoin mining’s disruptive potential. As Dewhurst noted, “When you have 3 GW of flexible load, the business case for peaker plants evaporates.”

Texas’ experience demonstrates that Bitcoin mining is not merely a theoretical alternative to gas peaker plants—it is a proven, scalable solution. By prioritizing grid needs over ideology, ERCOT has shown how collaboration with Bitcoin miners can phase out peaker plants while saving costs, cutting emissions, and accelerating the renewable transition.

### **Toward Pragmatism: A Call for NGO Accountability**

The climate crisis demands urgency, but dogmatism and poor research stifles progress. To phase out peaker plants, NGOs must:

1.  **Evaluate Collaborations Objectively**
    Assess whether partnerships with utilities or energy firms yield measurable emissions reductions rather than reflexively crying “greenwash.”
2.  **Engage with Grid Realities**
    Acknowledge the role of transitional technologies until renewables and storage scale sufficiently.
3.  **Prioritize Outcomes Over Ideology**
    Recognize that the perfect is the enemy of the good — hybrid systems are better than perpetuating outdated peakers, and Bitcoin mining based solutions are better again, because they can accelerate the phasing out of gas peaker plants without any gas-powered backed to compensate for variable renewable energy intermittency.

The perfect cannot be the enemy of the good. By clinging to purity tests, NGOs risk becoming unwitting allies of the very fossil fuel systems they seek to dismantle. It’s time to embrace pragmatism—before another decade of peaker plants locks in avoidable emissions.


RSS-to-Nostr of A Bola

about:
RSS-to-Nostr feed of A Bola
More RSS-To-Nostr can be found in my following list


Fjwl6F4a0nTF+ZizB2vbDQ==?iv=NCH0IKyyCelQA1OAAOAb3Q==


Yatn7OanZguoL3giNqa2xw==?iv=To7iwq/7iXrPuIFNuMSaAA==


![KYC Bitcoin: Individuals are on Lists](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/02/binancekycleak.webp)

**_What is KYC/AML?_**

*   The acronym stands for Know Your Customer / Anti Money Laundering.
*   In practice it stands for the surveillance measures companies are often compelled to take against their customers by financial regulators.
*   Methods differ but often include: Passport Scans, Driver License Uploads, Social Security Numbers, Home Address, Phone Number, Face Scans.
*   Bitcoin companies will also store all withdrawal and deposit addresses which can then be used to track bitcoin transactions on the bitcoin block chain.
*   This data is then stored and shared. Regulations often require companies to hold this information for a set number of years but in practice users should assume this data will be held indefinitely. Data is often stored insecurely, which results in frequent [hacks and leaks](https://www.newsweek.com/binance-hack-telegram-kyc-data-extortion-changpeng-zhao-cryptocurrency-bitcoin-1452989?ref=discreetlog.com).
*   KYC/AML data collection puts all honest users at risk of theft, extortion, and persecution while being ineffective at stopping crime. Criminals often use [counterfeit, bought, or stolen](https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2021/10/19/for-200-you-can-trade-crypto-with-a-fake-id/?ref=discreetlog.com) credentials to get around the requirements. Criminals can buy "verified" accounts for as [little as $200](https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2021/10/19/for-200-you-can-trade-crypto-with-a-fake-id/?ref=discreetlog.com). Furthermore, billions of people are excluded from financial services as a result of KYC/AML requirements.

During the early days of bitcoin most services did not require this sensitive user data, but as adoption increased so did the surveillance measures. At this point, **most large bitcoin companies are collecting and storing massive lists of bitcoiners, our sensitive personal information, and our transaction history.**

**Lists of Bitcoiners**

KYC/AML policies are a direct attack on bitcoiners. Lists of bitcoiners and our transaction history will inevitably be used against us.

Once you are on a list with your bitcoin transaction history that record will always exist. Generally speaking, tracking bitcoin is based on probability analysis of ownership change. Surveillance firms use various heuristics to determine if you are sending bitcoin to yourself or if ownership is actually changing hands.  You can obtain better privacy going forward by using collaborative transactions such as coinjoin to break this probability analysis.

Fortunately, you can buy bitcoin without providing intimate personal information. Tools such as [peach](https://peachbitcoin.com/?ref=discreetlog.com), [hodlhodl](https://hodlhodl.com/?ref=discreetlog.com), [robosats](https://learn.robosats.com/?ref=discreetlog.com), [azteco](https://azte.co/?ref=discreetlog.com) and [bisq](https://bisq.network/?ref=discreetlog.com) help; mining is also a solid option: anyone can plug a miner into power and internet and earn bitcoin by mining privately.

You can also earn bitcoin by providing goods and/or services that can be purchased with bitcoin. Long term, circular economies will mitigate this threat: most people will not buy bitcoin - they will earn bitcoin - most people will not sell bitcoin - they will spend bitcoin.

**There is no such thing as KYC or No KYC bitcoin, there are bitcoiners on lists and those that are not on lists.**

* * *

_**If you found this post helpful support my work with [bitcoin](https://geyser.fund/project/citadel?ref=discreetlog.com).**_

![KYC Bitcoin: Individuals are on Lists](https://werunbtc.com/donate.png)


> !['The Lightning Network' Does Not Exist](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/03/lightningnetwork.webp)
>
> The former seems to have found solid product market fit. Expect significant volume, adoption, and usage going forward.
>
> The latter's future remains to be seen. Dependence on Tor, which has had massive reliability issues, and lack of strong privacy guarantees put it at risk.
>
> — ODELL (@ODELL) [October 27, 2022](https://twitter.com/ODELL/status/1585633149815377922?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref=discreetlog.com)

**The Basics**

*   Lightning is a protocol that enables cheap and fast native bitcoin transactions.
*   At the core of the protocol is the ability for bitcoin users to create a payment channel with another user.
*   These payment channels enable users to make many bitcoin transactions between each other with only two on-chain bitcoin transactions: the channel open transaction and the channel close transaction.
*   Essentially lightning is a protocol for interoperable batched bitcoin transactions.
*   It is expected that on chain [bitcoin transaction fees will increase](https://www.discreetlog.com/utxos/) with adoption and the ability to easily batch transactions will save users significant money.
*   As these lightning transactions are processed, liquidity flows from one side of a channel to the other side, on chain transactions are signed by both parties but not broadcasted to update this balance.
*   Lightning is designed to be trust minimized, either party in a payment channel can close the channel at any time and their bitcoin will be settled on chain without trusting the other party.

**There is no 'Lightning Network'**

*   Many people refer to the aggregate of all lightning channels as 'The Lightning Network' but this is a false premise.
*   There are many lightning channels between many different users and funds can flow across interconnected channels as long as there is a route through peers.
*   If a lightning transaction requires multiple hops it will flow through multiple interconnected channels, adjusting the balance of all channels along the route, and paying lightning transaction fees that are set by each node on the route.

**Example:** You have a channel with Bob. Bob has a channel with Charlie. You can pay Charlie through your channel with Bob and Bob's channel with User C.

*   As a result, it is not guaranteed that every lightning user can pay every other lightning user, they must have a route of interconnected channels between sender and receiver.

**Lightning in Practice**

*   Lightning has already found product market fit and usage as an interconnected payment protocol between large professional custodians.
*   They are able to easily manage channels and liquidity between each other without trust using this interoperable protocol.
*   Lightning payments between large custodians are fast and easy. End users do not have to run their own node or manage their channels and liquidity. These payments rarely fail due to professional management of custodial nodes.
*   The tradeoff is one inherent to custodians and other trusted third parties. Custodial wallets can steal funds and compromise user privacy.

**Sovereign Lightning**

*   Trusted third parties are [security holes](https://nakamotoinstitute.org/trusted-third-parties/?ref=discreetlog.com).
*   Users must run their own node and manage their own channels in order to use lightning without trusting a third party. This remains the single largest friction point for sovereign lightning usage: the mental burden of actively running a lightning node and associated liquidity management.
*   Bitcoin development prioritizes node accessibility so cost to self host your own node is low but if a node is run at home or office, Tor or a VPN is recommended to mask your IP address: otherwise it is visible to the entire network and represents a privacy risk.
*   This privacy risk is heightened due to the potential for certain governments to go after sovereign lightning users and compel them to shutdown their nodes. If their IP Address is exposed they are easier to target.
*   Fortunately the tools to run and manage nodes continue to get easier but it is important to understand that this will always be a friction point when compared to custodial services.

**The Potential Fracture of Lightning**

*   Any lightning user can choose which users are allowed to open channels with them.
*   One potential is that professional custodians only peer with other professional custodians.
*   We already see nodes like those run by CashApp only have channels open with other regulated counterparties. This could be due to performance goals, liability reduction, or regulatory pressure.

[!['The Lightning Network' Does Not Exist](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/03/cashapp-2.webp)](https://mempool.space/lightning/node/02e1221434a21b8ce5818e92c6ec76301824dc87ed94b4628242e4b1f4a6ff445f?ref=discreetlog.com)

*   Fortunately some of their peers are connected to non-regulated parties so payments to and from sovereign lightning users are still successfully processed by CashApp but this may not always be the case going forward.

**Summary**

*   Many people refer to the aggregate of all lightning channels as 'The Lightning Network' but this is a false premise. There is no singular 'Lightning Network' but rather many payment channels between distinct peers, some connected with each other and some not.
*   Lightning as an interoperable payment protocol between professional custodians seems to have found solid product market fit. Expect significant volume, adoption, and usage going forward.
*   Lightning as a robust sovereign payment protocol has yet to be battle tested. Heavy reliance on Tor, which has had massive reliability issues, the friction of active liquidity management, significant on chain fee burden for small amounts, interactivity constraints on mobile, and lack of strong privacy guarantees put it at risk.

* * *

_If you have never used lightning before, use_ [_this guide_](https://werunbtc.com/phoenix?ref=discreetlog.com) _to get started on your phone._

* * *

**_If you found this post helpful support my work with_** [**_bitcoin_**](https://geyser.fund/project/citadel?ref=discreetlog.com)**_._**

!['The Lightning Network' Does Not Exist](https://werunbtc.com/donate.png)


tags: PacWest is the first of many small regional banks that will go under this year. Most will get bought by the big four in gov orchestrated sales. This has been the playbook since 2008.

content:
> ![Bank Consolidation Then CBDC](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/05/banks-1.jpg)
>
> Bank run on every crypto bank then bank run on every "real" bank.
>
> — ODELL (@ODELL) [December 14, 2022](https://twitter.com/ODELL/status/1602838429447999491?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref=discreetlog.com)

Good morning.

It looks like PacWest will fail today. It will be both the fifth largest bank failure in US history and the sixth major bank to fail this year. It will likely get purchased by one of the big four banks in a government orchestrated sale.

**March 8th - Silvergate Bank
March 10th - Silicon Valley Bank
March 12th - Signature Bank
March 19th - Credit Suisse
May 1st - First Republic Bank
May 4th - PacWest Bank?**

PacWest is the first of many small regional banks that [will go under](https://www.discreetlog.com/banking-crisis/) this year. Most will get bought by the big four in gov orchestrated sales. This has been the playbook since 2008. Follow the incentives. Massive consolidation across the banking industry. PacWest gonna be a drop in the bucket compared to what comes next.

First, a hastened government led bank consolidation, then a public/private partnership with the remaining large banks to launch a surveilled and controlled digital currency network. We will be told it is more convenient. We will be told it is safer. We will be told it will prevent future bank runs. All of that is marketing bullshit. **The goal is greater control of money. The ability to choose how we spend it and how we save it. If you control the money - you control the people that use it.**

* * *

_**If you found this post helpful support my work with [bitcoin](https://geyser.fund/project/citadel?ref=discreetlog.com).**_

![Bank Consolidation Then CBDC](https://werunbtc.com/donate.png)


tags: Wealth requires freedom: the ability to make decisions without coercion. Freedom requires privacy: the ability to selectively reveal yourself to the world. Rights are not granted: they are earned through struggle and defended through sacrifice.

content:
* * *

![No Privacy? No Freedom. No Freedom? No Wealth.](https://www.discreetlog.com/content/images/2023/04/freedom-1.webp)

_"Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy.  A private matter is something one doesn't want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn't want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world."_ **\- Eric Hughes, [A Cypherpunk's Manifesto](https://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/manifesto.html?ref=discreetlog.com), 1993**

* * *

**Privacy is essential to freedom.** Without privacy, individuals are unable to make choices free from surveillance and control. Lack of privacy leads to loss of autonomy. When individuals are constantly monitored it limits our ability to express ourselves and take risks. Any decisions we make can result in negative repercussions from those who surveil us. Without the freedom to make choices, individuals cannot truly be free.

**Freedom is essential to acquiring and preserving wealth.** When individuals are not free to make choices, restrictions and limitations prevent us from economic opportunities. If we are somehow able to acquire wealth in such an environment, lack of freedom can result in direct asset seizure by governments or other malicious entities. At scale, when freedom is compromised, it leads to widespread economic stagnation and poverty. Protecting freedom is essential to economic prosperity.

The connection between **privacy, freedom, and wealth** is critical. Without privacy, individuals lose the freedom to make choices free from surveillance and control. While lack of freedom prevents individuals from pursuing economic opportunities and makes wealth preservation nearly impossible. **_No Privacy? No Freedom. No Freedom? No Wealth._**

_**Rights are not granted. They are taken and defended.**_ Rights are often misunderstood as permission to do something by those holding power. However, if someone can give you something, they can inherently take it from you at will. People throughout history have necessarily fought for basic rights, including privacy and freedom. These rights were not given by those in power, but rather demanded and won through struggle. Even after these rights are won, they must be continually defended to ensure that they are not taken away. **Rights are not granted - they are earned through struggle and defended through sacrifice.**

* * *

_**If you found this post helpful support my work with [bitcoin](https://geyser.fund/project/citadel?ref=discreetlog.com).**_

![No Privacy? No Freedom. No Freedom? No Wealth.](https://werunbtc.com/donate.png)